optative mood การใช้

• Examples of languages with an optative mood are Biblical Hebrew, Ancient Greek, Yup'ik.
• There is also an optative mood used in certain dialects.
• The subjunctive mood derives from the PIE optative mood.
• However, the optative mood is not used after every past tense verb that introduces indirect statements.
• Wappo also includes pre-verbal optative mood particles.
• Some also preserve an optative mood that describes events that are wished for or hoped for but not factual.
• The optative mood can also be expressed by using ?F0k0 " youni " after the polite form of a verb.
• For example, the optative moods in Ancient Greek alternate syntactically in many subordinate clauses, depending on the tense of the main verb.
• There is also some evidence of a distinct optative mood, which is preserved in Finnish as "-os " ( second-person singular ).
• The optative mood, infinitives and participles are found in four tenses ( present, aorist, perfect, and future ) and all three voices.
• In addition, it appears that in PIE itself, stative verbs did not have the optative mood; it was limited to eventive verbs.
• The equivalent of this construction in past time uses the optative mood without ( ) ( see Optative ( Ancient Greek ) ).
• Hittite lacks some features of the other Indo-European languages, such as a distinction between masculine and feminine grammatical gender, subjunctive and optative moods, and aspect.
• Evidence from the Rig Veda ( the earliest attestation of Sanskrit ) indicates that secondary verbs in PIE were not conjugated in the subjunctive or optative moods.
• A few verbs derive directly from PIE athematic verbs, and one verb " * wiljan
  " " to want " forms its present indicative from the PIE optative mood.
• The optative mood likewise uses these three tenses, but there is also a future optative, used mainly to report indirectly what would be a future indicative in direct speech.
• Optative mood is expressed by the addition of the suffix "-ni " to Conjugations I and II . The imperative is identical to the second person of Conjugation I in Middle Elamite.
• The subjunctive mood derived from the PIE optative mood, and was used to express wishes, desires as well as situations that were not regarded as or known to be real by the speaker.
• The future tenses and the subjunctive and optative moods, and eventually the infinitive, were replaced by the modal / tense auxiliaries ?? and ?? used with new simplified and fused future / subjunctive forms.
• The optative mood ( i . e . the third-person imperative ) still had its own endings, "-ai " for third-conjugation verbs and "-ie " for other verbs, instead of using regular third-person present endings.